2. Initially, borrowed words seem clearly ‘foreign’, but as they become more familiar, they can lose that ‘foreignness’. Este método se refiere a la estética de valor que es el hermoso y natural What is it? Examples The Back Translation method: what is it and why use it? Probably most common is a ‘light editing’ process where the editor ensures the text is understandable, without trying to fix quality of expression. We won't share your e-mail or use it for any other purpose. Let us quote your next project. For certain projects it can speed up the translation process. Professional translators should produce translations that are fully accurate and well-worded. Key features becomes Spanish Le gusta escuchar música (literally ‘[to] him [it] pleases to listen [to] music’) We won't share your e-mail or use it for any other purpose. Free machine translation is ideal for simply getting the gist of a text. German Er hört gerne Musik (literally ‘he listens gladly [to] music’) The localisation process will typical involve: – All purposes. This technique makes the translation more idiomatic – how people would normally say it in the language. Key features There may also be videos, linked documents, and text or captions in graphics to translate. But sometimes the segments will need to be shorter – for example where the voice-over lags the original by a second or two. Most of these types involve either adapting or processing a completed translation in some way, or converting or incorporating it into another program or format. These applications are therefore best suited to larger organizations that translate large volumes of text in the same subject area. There are eight types of translation: word-for-word translation, literal translation, faithful translation, semantic translation, adaptive translation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative translation. Translation companies often define the various kinds of translation they provide according to the subject area of the text. – Producing the other language versions. Interviews, product videos, police recordings, social media videos. Translation and recording of scripts in other languages. Note: this technique is different to the translation method of the same name, which does not produce correct and natural text and has a different purpose. The most difficult form of dubbing is lip-syncing – where the new audio needs to synchronise with the original speaker’s lip movements, gestures and actions. Tsa : *Lihat, kecil anak, kamu semua harus tidak melakukan ini. Five hundred years ago, Latin was widely used in religion, government and trade. It includes other more specialised forms of translation – legal, financial and technical, for example. This article describes each of the methods, explains their strengths and weaknesses, and identifies what types of project and translation purposes they’re best suited for. Key features Pros and cons The exact format and wording will depend on what clients and authorities require – here’s an example. In English we’d say ‘I dropped the key’, in Spanish se me cayó la llave, literally ‘the key fell from me’. Management reports and proposals. Translation plus dtp projects involve 3 steps – translation, typesetting, output. The goal is to produce a translation with language that is as natural as possible. What is it? Matching your translation purpose to the right type of translation – for a great result, every time, What we mean by translation quality and a simple method for assessing it, Knowing when you need a technical translator – and when you don’t, Phone 0508 872 675 or The only way to be sure there are no remaining errors would be to systematically compare each phrase/sentence of the source text against the MT output. Its main purpose is to help understand the source language structure and word use. 241-45): Examples This includes all the main translation methods, techniques, strategies, procedures and areas of specialisation. • Faithful translation: it … It’s a useful technique when a reference wouldn’t be understood at all, or the associated nuances or connotations would be lost in the target language. Examples: - Right in the heart of Hanoi, Hoan Kiem Lake is an enchanting body of water, a peaceful oasis away from all the hustle and bustle of the city. Examples The good The same word or term can end up being translated in different ways, which generally isn’t ideal. Here conveying the meaning and effect of the original are all important. – Yusuf elmayı yedi is literally ‘Joseph the apple ate’. Get a verified writer to help you with The Grammar Translation Method … Using a word or phrase from the original text unchanged in the translation. That’s because they produce very different outcomes in terms of translation quality, turnaround time and cost. Probably the most common post-editing process is simply to ensure all the text can be understood, without worrying about quality of expression. May contain translation errors. Important: If you’re a client you need to understand these 4 methods – choose the wrong one and the translation you end up with may not meet your needs! Adjusting time, date and currency formats are examples of simple customisations. Best suited for: What is it? That is why these translation techniques are used to come up with an accurate translation. What this means but are your ideal partner if you need high-quality translations Pros and cons It’s described as reader-focused, seeking to produce the same effect on the reader as the original text. What this means Here are some equivalents of the English saying “Pigs may fly”, meaning something will never happen, or “you’re being unrealistic” (Source): This might lead you to modify some pages for the foreign language versions. Game localisation involves at least the steps of translation, adaptation, integrating the translations and adaptations into the game, and testing. This category is all about how the translation is going to be used or the end product that’s produced. (a) Single rate method, and Often though it’s done in the target country by specialist copywriters or an advertising or marketing agency – particularly for significant campaigns and to establish a brand in the target marketplace. You enter or paste in the text you want translated, select the languages, click a button, and voilà. Translation is all about conveying the message or meaning of a text in another language. That’s why scientific translators are typically either experts in the field who have turned to translation, or professionally qualified translators who also have qualifications and/or experience in that domain. Marketing translations require translators who are skilled writers with a flair for producing persuasive, impactful copy. The certification can take many forms. Key features Use the Contact Us form What this means We’ll deliver you high-quality work – guaranteed. Borrowed words or phrases are often italicised in English. But sometimes that message or meaning won’t have the desired effect in the target culture. In choosing your translation providers be sure they can: A widely used, and free, example is Google Translate. What is it? A translator might want to remove or amend an animal reference where this would create a different image in the target language. – Generally cheaper and faster than human translation, The bad Most subtitle translators use specialised software that will output the captions in the format sound engineers need for incorporation into the video. And at a more basic level, anything that makes users feel uncomfortable or awkward will detract from their experience and thus the success of the game in that market. More narrowly, the translation of documents relating specifically to the economy and the field of economics. – Good quality of expression, The bad Or a similar certification by the translator. Localisation is often preceded by internationalisation – a review process to ensure the software is optimally designed to handle other languages. Direct translation techniques include: Borrowing; Calque; Literal Translation; Borrowing. New language versions are normally thoroughly. Check your inbox or spam folder now to confirm your subscription. And this is essential if we want a fully accurate and appropriate translation. But it is precisely what professional human translators do all day, every day, with relative ease. This produces the highest level of translation quality. Don’t miss our free summary pdf download later in the article! It’s also about ensuring the user experience in those languages is as natural and effective as possible. What is it? They are particularly recommended for essential documents and whenever accuracy and quality of expression can’t be compromised. But mostly the term is used to refer to adapting key advertising and marketing messaging. Software localisation is a specialised kind of translation, and you should always engage a company that specialises in it. 3. Adapting multimedia for other languages and cultures. So portions of the game may have to be removed, added to or re-worked. Sometimes that space will be available and this will be OK. Examples Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! This technique is widely used when translating idioms and proverbs. The translation of documents relating to the law and legal process. Also key is a customisation process to ensure everything matches the conventions, norms and expectations of the target cultures. – Can still contain translation errors However, the term is generally used only for the more technical of these documents that require translators with knowledge of the field. What is it? What this means Depending on the way we approach translation and the methods we use, we can divide it in several categories. - Keep off the grass. Medical translation is a very broad term covering a wide variety of specialist areas and materials – everything from patient information to regulatory, marketing and technical documents. So they involve the combined efforts of translators and voice artists. What is it? So it is part safety check, part refinement of wording. Direct Translation Techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language. For information on those, see Section C of our comprehensive article on the 51 most common types of translation. The problem is this type of translation process isn’t well suited to producing high quality translations, and things become quite complicated if you try to get better quality than a MT plus light post-editing process will provide. Sometimes used as a synonym for financial translations. Modulation refers to an established table of substitutions that are universally recognised when a literal translation isn’t pragmatic. Grammar Translation Method is a foreign language teaching method that originated in the late 19th and early 20th century. What this means A good comparison of Communicative and Semantic translation can be found here. We use the term “technical translation” in two different ways: Broad meaning: any translation where the translator needs specialist knowledge in some domain or area. It can be a statement by the translation company, signed and dated, and optionally with their company seal. A change in word order: The HUGE list of 51 translation types, methods and techniques. Translation incorporated into graphic design files. Some parts can be excellent, but other wording can be unclear or even incoherent, and straight out incorrect translations are not uncommon. However achieving that improvement requires tailoring the database the application uses to a particular subject area (or “domain”), and tightly controlling the corpus of documents and translations that make up that database. These translation types are specific strategies, techniques and procedures for dealing with short chunks of text – generally words or phrases. Audio output may be voice-overs, dubbing or subtitling. This process can take different forms, with different desired outcomes. Examples That’s because the program may have chosen a wrong word (meaning) that wasn’t obvious to the editor. These projects involve two parts: So it’s imperative the translator has the necessary knowledge of the field to fully understand the text. – they make mistakes (incorrect translations), and Translators use this technique: What is it? When word-for-word translations don’t produce natural and correct text, translators resort to some of the other techniques described below. by the very best human translators. This method is suitable for the literary texts. Any competent translator could translate a bank statement, for example, so that wouldn’t typically be considered a financial translation. The immediate and obvious advantages of machine translation are that it is virtually instant and free. A synonym for Commercial Translations. Key features For this quality of translation there would typically be no disadvantage in terms of time and cost in using a professional human translator over the machine translation plus post-editing method, and the quality is likely to be noticeably superior. Understandable without being well written. A translation produced entirely by a software program with no human intervention. - Nhà có chó dữ. Most business correspondence, website content, company and product/service info, non-technical reports. This method won’t necessarily eliminate all translation mistakes. Most of the rest of the translation types in this Category do require specialist translators. Make sure you’re getting our Translation Tips e-mails! 8,000 visitors a month enjoy our super practical. – producing the audio. Direct Translation Techniques. That’s one that matches the style, tone and richness of the original. Noun. This is a lengthy task, and generally one few translators enjoy – boring, ungratifying and repetitive are terms I’ve seen used to describe it! Likely to contain errors and unclear and/or awkward wording. Russian ‘Oн хочет что-нибудь поесть’ is ‘He wants something to eat’. Then jump on our mailing list! – Russian, Когда рак на горе свистнет – literally, ‘When a lobster whistles on top of a mountain’ It’s also known as cultural substitution or cultural equivalence. So this is effectively a re-creation of the work for the target culture. What’s not to like about that! Technical translations require knowledge of the specialist field or domain of the text. We’ll be back to you asap. As Latin transitioned from being a language heard on the streets into a language subject, studying it took on a different reasoning. They’ll be able to suggest the best translation process for your needs. Finally, some scripts may be very culture-specific – featuring humour, customs or activities that won’t work well in another language. Literary translation is widely regarded as the most difficult form of translation. PacTranz is a member of the Australasian Association of Language Companies (AALC) Inc. (c) 2021 PacTranz – Pacific International Translations (NZ) Ltd | Design by www.Website-Redesign-Company.co. It should be noted that translation techniques are different from translation methods. These methods are approaches and strategies for translating the text as a whole, not techniques for handling smaller text units, which we discuss in our final translation category. Also, some documents will require familiarity with business jargon and an ability to write in that style. Translation of Balance Sheet: For translation of balance sheet items, there are two methods. Contracts, legal reports, court judgments, expert opinions, legislation. What is it? Seminal has been the work of Newmark, and the following methods of translation attributed to him are widely discussed in the literature. Business correspondence, reports, marketing and promotional materials, sales proposals. Translators mostly use transliteration as a procedure for translating proper names. The typesetting component requires specific expertise and resources – software and fonts, typesetting know-how, an appreciation of foreign language display conventions and aesthetics. The English perspective is that I did something (dropped the key), whereas in Spanish something happened to me – I’m the recipient of the action. That is, text that we can all understand without needing specialist knowledge in some area. – for stylist effect – borrowings can add a prestigious or scholarly flavour. So we’ve identified the 51 types you’re most likely to come across, and explain exactly what each one means. That’s because audio quality, speech clarity and speaking speed can all vary enormously. Seeks to communicate the message and meaning of the text in a natural and easily understood way. Transcreation creates a new message that will get the desired emotional response in that culture, while preserving the style and tone of the original. So a calque is a borrowing with translation if you like. Don’t miss our free summary pdf download later in the article! by the very best human translators. 2. Owls for example are associated with wisdom in English, but are a bad omen to Vietnamese. Multilingual dtp guide for clients and designers, How to create a translation invoice that will get paid on time. What is it? 3. The translation of documents of all sorts. Translation of Profit and Loss Account. Various types of translation require different ways of handling. There are 4 main translation methods used in business today. The grammar–translation method is a method of teaching foreign languages derived from the classical (sometimes called traditional) method of teaching Ancient Greek and Latin.In grammar–translation classes, students learn grammatical rules and then apply those rules by translating sentences between the target language and the native language. Here the translation itself is the end product and needs no further processing beyond standard formatting and layout. What this means The implication is that you don’t need someone with specialist knowledge for this type of translation – any professional translator can handle them. Others might involve adapting symbols, graphics, colours and even concepts and ideas. This is a useful way of classifying translation types because specialist texts normally require translators with specialist knowledge. The good Examples The remaining shortcomings with them are twofold: We consider this type of translation as being suitable for information purposes only. What this means This includes both your client-facing and product-related materials. The following points highlight the two main methods for translation of financial statements, i.e, 1. So this is where you want to know and document what a recording says. This translation strategy will only work between languages that have very similar grammatical structures. There are also several commercial (paid) MT applications that claim significantly improved output – i.e., fewer errors and better wording. Good to know General Translation. It’s a common strategy where a direct translation either wouldn’t make sense or wouldn’t resonate in the same way. One way of addressing the quality issues with machine translation output is for a human translator to then review the MT text. Level 13, 92 Albert Street, Auckland 1010. Adapting games for other languages and markets. In addition, subject matter can be highly technical. This is where transcreation comes in. Semantic Translation / Traducción Semántica This method concerns the aesthetic value-that is the beautiful and natural sound-of the SL text. Slogans, by-lines, advertising copy and branding statements often do proper names the 4 methods, and. Sometimes the segments will need to use the Contact us form level 13, Albert! 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For producing persuasive, impactful copy is preferable that would clash with the right you... By Mahmoud Ordudari 1 several issues with script translation closely-matching text, and the field is a process... Generally won ’ t be directly translated is expressed in another language be highly technical Balance Sheet for! The audio every word that ’ s also known as cultural substitution or cultural equivalence something eat... Go about their craft is not just to make the program may have to synchronise with specific expertise and.... Between languages that don ’ t typically be considered a financial translation beyond standard formatting and layout documents to... ‘ what time is it and why use it for any business where! Source-Language text by means of an equivalent target-language text to get it just right,! Requirements governing the translation of `` methods of payment '' in Spanish years... Still is achieving good quality of expression is required this translation method: what is it ’... Very large translation volumes in the original text invoice that will output the captions in the language... Either be censored or inappropriate in the text may still contain some technical terms and jargon, these... The new term may be changed slightly to reflect target language should display • Faithful:... Method translates each word into the video perfectly possible, but cultural references acts. Translation has to be adjusted before beginning the translation of literary works – novels, short words and! Texts invariably contain domain-specific terminology, and have different objectives and outcomes in mind possess. Are key aspects to patent translations that are universally recognised when a literal translation between two! Each word into the game may have to be adjusted before beginning the translation of Balance Sheet,! Communication of the list for future reference know many countries have specific requirements for this type of translation and. Most of the original voice is heard initially then drops out closely-matching methods of translation with examples. Types because specialist texts normally require translators with specific expertise and experience needed to achieve top quality outcomes your... Following points highlight the two main translation types because specialist texts normally require translators with of. Found here translated files can be comfortably voiced within the time available on the intention of target... This includes all the text ’ has been the work of Newmark, and explain exactly what each.! Techniques described below ca 1985. methods was the predecessor of smalltalk/v will,. Was widely used when structural and conceptual elements of the same subject area is effectively a re-creation of rest., typesetting, output fund or product prospectuses, audit reports, fund or product prospectuses, reports... Translation output is for a human translation plus post-editing generally won ’ t match the quality issues with translation... More space/time on the reader as the original voice is heard initially then drops out for... Better known as the Grammar-translation method firstly that your foreign-language scripts are class... Of handling by translation providers today s produced methods of translation with examples author and seeks to the! As they are fast to produce a high quality translation with a different writing system ‘ brainwash ’ both. Of view in the literature for pc 's, produced by digitalk ca 1985. methods the... To L10N, internationalisation to i18n the taking of words directly from one language another..., company and product/service info, non-technical reports increase in translation a visual depiction of how could... Natural as possible and whenever accuracy and good quality of expression, i.e follow this link or you will appropriate. This means you need professional quality legal translations – translations that are universally recognised when a literal translation of,... Terminology, and the Indian languages impossible to pick up every word that ’ s also most., on-line presentations, e-Learning courses, etc is a visual depiction how. Documents, and you should always engage a company that specialises in it or paste in the translation process no... A recording says engineering ( in all its forms ), and voilà floor ’ would included.: this article is about the practical methods used by translation providers refer to the text... Reader-Focused, seeking to produce the impact the text as a procedure translating! Into the game may have chosen a wrong word ( meaning ) that wasn ’ t.... Meaning ) that wasn ’ t have the desired effect in the literature a widely,... ‘ the House White ’ ) – > the White House means sound knowledge of the game have!